基于MATLAB的风力发电机组控制算法的研究

4.2 载荷仿真

BLADED软件外部控制器模块能使用任何期望的控制算法，因此为验证本文所设计控制算法的性能，将对新控制算法与在VC下开发的常规控制算法进行载荷仿真比较，运行风况为如图6所示，下图所示为两种控制算法仿真效果对比。

图9 发电机输出转速比较

图10 发电机输出转矩比较

图11 叶片根部Y向载荷比较

在20m/s湍流风条件下，本文所述的控制算法与常规控制算法仿真运行结果比较，发电机输出转速的波动减轻，输出转矩的变化也更平稳，且叶片根部Y方向所受力矩的波动也减小。对于提高风力发电机组的稳定性、可靠性等起到关键的作用，延长了风机的使用寿命，增加了风电场的运行收益。

5 结论

控制算法的基本目标是保证风电机组的安全运行，获取最大能量转换效率，但同时还须兼顾到控制过程良好的动态特性与稳定性，并将结构在风力作用下引起的动力学问题所产生的疲劳影响减小到最低限度。因此，本文从风机的动态特性分析开始，先讨论基本工作原理，并对变速变桨风力发电机组各风速段的运行特性进行实验研究。在控制算法的实现过程中，应用MATLAB和BLADED软件对完整的控制算法进行了仿真研究，验证了算法的可行性与有效性。

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Study of Control Algorithm for Wind Turbine Base on MATLAB

KONG Chaozhi, FU Xiaolin FENG Yonggang

(CHENGDU Forward Technology Corp. LTD., Sichuan Province Chengdu 611731, China)

Abstract: It is introduced that the implementation process of control algorithm for MW variable speed variable pitch wind turbine. According to the nonlinear acteristics of wind generator system, a method for tuning control algorithm parameters is presented through the model linearization and minimal realization via state-space equations. Using the powerful numerical calculation function of MATLAB/Simulink software, it designed main control factors, testing and adjusting parameters. Then, the simulation study of a complete control algorithm is finished by bladed external controller module. Compared with conventional control algorithms, the method discussed in this paper can meet both of the dynamic acteristics and stability in the control process, improved the system’s operating performance effectively.

Key words: wind turbine; variable speed variable pitch; control algorithm; parameter tuning; simulation