深度文章｜基于输配电价改革的电网运维成本分摊方法研究

本文提出的基于效能价值法的运维费用分摊结果与传统固定资产分摊结果,对比见表11。

以工程5输变电工程为例,基于效能价值法确定的运维费用为187.40万元,而传统方法测算的运维费用为98.91万元,其主要原因是传统方法测算运维费用时,只考虑固定资产原值占比,未考虑线路长度、变电容量等因素,在效能价值法中,综合考虑了运维成本各因素占比情况,综合考虑变电容量、线路长度、固定资产价值,确定运维费用分摊系数,能够更加科学合理地分摊项目运维费用,在输配电价改革条件下,科学合理地分摊运维费用,能够对输配电价的核定产生影响。

4 结论

针对输配电价改革下电网项目运行维护成本有效分摊需求,本文根据能效理念,提出基于效能价值法的电网项目运维成本分摊方法,通过算例验证,证明了本文所提方法对解决相关问题具有一定的参考价值,主要结论如下：

1）本文构建了基于效能价值法运维成本分摊模型,根据电网项目运维成本影响因素,运用Lasso方法筛选关键效能标准,并通过历史数据确定权重,实现了单个电网项目运维成本的有效分摊。

2）根据某省电网项目历史数据,通过本文所提方法,得出该省电网项目关键效能标准分别为变电容量、线路长度和固定资产原值。通过权重测算可以得出固定资产原值权重最大,为0.36,其余两个关键标准权重相近,所占比例均接近1/3。

3）对某省的5个电网新建工程基于本文所提模型,进行了运维成本分摊,得出工程运维成本占公司整体运维成本的分摊系数,进而得出了单项工程的年运行维护成本,为输配电价改革后的运维成本的分摊提供指导。

参考文献

[1]韩勇,田闻旭,谭忠富.基于长期边际成本的不同电压等级输配电价定价模型及其应用[J].电网技术,2011,35(7):175-180.HanYong,TianWenxu,TanZhongfu.A long-term marginal cost based transmission and distribution pricing model for power transmission and distribution in various voltage classes and its application[J].Power System Technology,2011,35(7):175-180(in Chinese).

[2]Pendharkar PC.A hybrid genetic algorithm and DEA approach for multi-criteria fixed cost allocation[J].Soft Computing,2018,22(22):7315-7324.

[3]李昂,夏清,钟海旺.第三方输配电成本监管方法探讨[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(10):1-7.LiAng,XiaQing,ZhongHaiwang.Method of third party supervision on transmission and distribution costs[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(10):1-7(in Chinese).

[4]陈政,肖江,荆朝霞,等.一种适用于我国电力市场的分区输电定价方法[J].电网技术,2017,41(7):2124-2130.ChenZheng,XiaoJiang,JingZhaoxia,et al.A zonal transmission pricing approach for electricity market in China[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(7):2124-2130(in Chinese).

[5]段刚,王心丰,白玮,等.输电服务定价的资金流-资金路径法[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(3):48-53.DuanGang,WangXinfeng,BaiWei,et al.Monetary-flows- monetary-paths method for electricity transmission pricing[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(3):48-53(in Chinese).

[6]LiF,Marangon-Lima J W,Rudnick H,et al.Distribution pricing:are we ready for the smart grid?[J].IEEE Power Energy Magazine,2015,13(4):76-86.

[7]Abhyankar AR,Soman SA,Khaparde SA.Min-max fairness criteria for transmission fixed cost allocation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2007,22(4):2094-2104.

[8]刘俊,郝旭东,程佩芬,等.结合M-Copula理论与半不变量的随机潮流方法[J].电网技术,2018,42(2):578-584.LiuJun,HaoXudong,ChengPeifen,et al.Probabilistic load flow method combining M-Copula theory and cumulants[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(2):578-584(in Chinese).

[9]刘福斌,李扬,陈珩.电力市场中按比例分配原则的证明及其推广[J].电网技术,2001,25(5):25-29.LiuFubin,LiYang,ChenWei.Proof and proportion of proportional distribution principle in electricity market[J].Power System Technology,2001,25(5):25-29(in Chinese).

[10]Sotkiewicz PM,Vignolo JM.Allocation of fixed costs in distribution networks with distributed generation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2006,21(2):639-652.

[11]RoustaeiM,Sheikh-El-Eslami M K,Seifi H.Transmission cost allocation based on the users’ benefits[J].International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems,2014,61:547-552.

[12]李成仁,韩勇,高效,等.跨省区输电安全费用分摊方法[J].电网技术,2010,34(12):174-179.LiChengren,HanYong,GaoXiao,et al.A method to allocate security costs for cross-regional and trans-provincial power transmission[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(12):174-179(in Chinese).

[13]彭谦,马晨光,杨雪梅,等.线性模态分析中的参与因子与贡献因子[J].电网技术,2010,34(2):92-96.PengQian,MaChenguang,YangXuemei,et al.Participation factors and contribution factors in linear modal analysis[J].Power System Technology,2010,34(2):92-96(in Chinese).

[14]赵广华,潘增志.电子商务物流共同配送联盟的成本分摊模型[J].物流技术,2015(19):131-134.ZhaoGuanghua,PanZengzhi.A cost amortization model for joint distribution alliance of E-businesses[J].Logistics Technology,2015(19):131-134(in Chinese).

[15]崔力民,孙静月,李珊君,等.一种基于熵的电力通信网络业务资源均匀分配算法[J].电网技术,2017,41(9):3066-3073.CuiLimin,SunJingyue,LiShanjun,et al.An algorithm for business resource uniform distribution in power communication network based on entropy[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(9):3066-3073(in Chinese).

[16]王晶,贾琪,杨浩雄.基于“农超对接”的第三方共同配送模式及成本分摊问题研究[J].物流技术,2013,32(7):4-6.WangJing,JiaQi,YangHaoxiong.Study on third party joint distribution and cost amortization in farmer-supermarket docking[J].Logistics Technology,2013,32(7):4-6(in Chinese).

[17]李晓宇,李书芳,张思远,等.基于LASSO及其补充规则的配电网拓扑生成算法[J].北京邮电大学学报,2018,41(2):62-68.LiXiaoyu,LiShufang,ZhangSiyuan,et al.Topology generation algorithm for distribution network based on LASSO and its supplementary rules[J].Journal of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,2018,41(2):62-68(in Chinese).

[18]张粒子,扶柠柠,王春丽,等.基于回归分析的电网运行维护费合理性评估[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(13):140-144.ZhangLizi,FuNingning,WangChunli,et al.Rationality evaluation of power grid operation and maintenance based on regression analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(13):140-144(in Chinese).

[19]董小刚,刁亚静,李慧玲,等.岭回归、LASSO回归和Adaptive- LASSO回归下的财政收入因素分析[J].吉林师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,39(2):45-53.DongXiaogang,YanYajing,LiHuiling,et al.Analysis of fiscal revenue factors under ridge regression,LASSO regression and Adaptive-LASSO regression[J].Journal of Jilin Normal University (Natural Science Edition),2018,39(2):45-53(in Chinese).

[20]郝宽.Lasso及其改进方法在变量选择中的优劣性研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2018.

[21]秦晔玲,朱建平.基于自适应Lasso变量选择方法的指数跟踪[J].统计与决策,2018,34(16):141-145.QinYeling,ZhuJianping.Index tracing using variable ion based on adaptive Lasso[J].Statistics Decision,2018,34(16):141-145(in Chinese).

[22]龙泽海,杨毅,赵月丽.基于Lasso方法的银行对中小企业贷款供给意愿研究[J].金融与经济,2017(3):58-65.LongZehai,YangYi,ZhaoYueli.Research on the bank’s willingness to supply SME loans based on Lasso method[J].Finance Economy,2017(3):58-65(in Chinese).

[23]刘科研,季玉琦,陆凌芝,等.基于负荷分布匹配与熵权法的配电网无功优化[J].电网技术,2017,41(12):3988-3995.YangTing,HuangZhiyong,PenHaibo,et al.Planning algorithm of cyber physical system for distribution networks based on topological potential equilibrium[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(12):3988-3995(in Chinese).